Hydrocarbon-furnace for steam-boilers



(No Model.)

F. W. OPELDT. HYDROGARBUN PURNAGB FOR STEAM BOILERS. No. 393,850. Patented Dec. 4, 1888.

l E r l N. PETERS. Phom-Lmogmpher. wasningum n.4;

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

FRANK YV. OFELDT, OF NEVARK, NEV JERSEY.

HYDROCARBON-FURNACE FOR STEAM-BOILERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,850, dated Decembcrl, 1888.

I Application filed .Tune 9, 1887. Serial No. 240,686. (No model.)

To all 10700711, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK lV. OFELDT, of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Furnaces for Steam-Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a `full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a central vertical section through my improved furnace as applied to a steam-` boiler, with a portion of the encircling heating-coils of the latter removed and showing the oil-pump in elevation. Fig. Q is an irregular horizon tal section in line a a; of Fig. l, illustrating the arrangement of burners projecting radially from the gas chamber; Fig. 3, a horizontal section in line y y of Fig. l; Fig. 4, a detached sectional view illustrating the improved coupling by which the heating-coils are connected to the central-drum, and Fig. 5 is a detail View in elevation of a modification of the means for operating the piston of the oil-pump.

My invention, which relates to a combination of devices for effectually promoting the heating and evaporation of water by means of the vapor of naphtha admiXed with air, has for its obj ect to obtain a steady uniform pressure-in the furnace and the exposure to the heat thereof 0f the greatest possible extent of water-heatin g surface within the least area.

It consists in the combination, with a series of burner-tubes by preference arranged to radiate in a common horizontal plane from a central supply and pressure chamber, and with anrinjector by which said chamber is supplied with an inflammable compound of vaporized naphtha and air, of a pump whose piston is drawn outward (so as to charge the cylinder with naphtha) by a coupling-rod connecting it positively with the engine, but is freed from said coupling-rod on the returnstroke, and is, forced inward (to feed the naphtha to the injector) by means of a spring or weight.

It consists, second, in combining a length of the feedtube supplying the injector andy also the tube connecting the injector and the burners with the furnace, so that said tube shall be subjected to the heat of the burners,

whereby the naphtha becomes vaporized as it My invention further consists in the details of construction and combination of parts, as will be more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a metallic cylinder or water-drum, preferably of sheet-steel, screwed with a tight joint at its lower end into a casting, B, forming a continuation thereof, but which is divided transversely by a partition, C, intoan upper and a vlower compartment. The upper compartment of this casting B forms the bottom of the water-drum, and the lower compartment forms a closed chamber, D.

A series of gas-tubes, lV \V, closed at their outer ends, are secured radially in the same horizontal plane into the wall of the chamber D, just belowrthe partition C, to communicate with said chamber7 and these radial tubes are properly'perforated in their upper sides with a series of jet-openin to serve as gas-burners.

A series of small independent tubular coils, T T, are arranged vertically and concentrically around the water-drum A, and are each coupled separately thereto to communicate freely at each end thereof with the interior of said drum. The lower ends of these circulating tubes or coils T T are coupled to the drum just above its connection with the casting B, and consequently but a little distance above the bottom of the drum, and the coils are of such length as that their upper ends are coupled to the drum at about two-thirds (more or less) its length from said lower end,

'leaving a steam-space, A', in the drum above the upper ends of thecoils. A water-supply pipe, S, is connected to the lower end of the drum, and the top of the drum is closed and lit-ted with a steam-eduction pipe, S', which is preferably made to return in a coil about the upper end of the drum down to just above the level of the upper ends of the circulatingcoils to operate as a superheater for the steam before it is carried outward from the boiler.

The coupling of each end of the several coils T T to the drum is effected by means of a coupling sleeve or bushing, E, (see Fig. 4,)

ICO

adapted to screw closely witll a iigllt joint into a illreaded aperture ill ille wall oi' ille dl'ulll. This bushing` l is illiel'llally as well as extel'llally threaded, the two tlll'eads being, y

turning ille bushing ill ille pl'oper dil'ectioll,

by ille opel'aiioll oi ille rigllt and lei't scl'ews alld a close iigllt connection of the tube alld dl'ulll be illereby eitected. 15

any one oi ille coils io be easily removed or replaced wiillollt disturbing ille otllel's.

The joint lllay ill y like lllallllel' be readily bl'okell, perllliitillg` ply.

The cellil'al drum, A, cil'clllaiillg-coils T T, l

superheating-coils S', alld l'adial burners lV W are all inclosed by all outer sllell or ease,

v l, ill ille customary manner, said casillg servl ille air-pipe (lr, is nloullted parallel illel'ewiill stand-pipe, ll, of about ille sallle diallletel' as i within the turnace, alld is connected by a small supply-tube, L, ai its lowel'elld with ille l cylinder .l oi' all oil-pulllp, alld at its upper l elld witll a small injector-pipe, K, whose nozzle is inserted illio ille upper elld oi' ille ail'- pipe G, so as to form ill combination therewiill all injector of silllple form, as shown ill Fig. 1.

The air-pipe G, oil-pipe ll, alld injector K are all exposed to the l'ull heat of ille i'urnace.

The oil-pump is connected witll a iank or l'eservoil', l), oi' llaplltlla. lis pistoll is driven inward to torce ille oil out ol ille cylilldel' into ille pipe L by lllealls oi' a weigllt, M, see Fig. 1,) or a spring, N, (see lfig. 5,) as iis equivalent, and is drawll oui again to cause all illiiow of oil i'rom ille resel'voil' illio ille cylinder by means oi` a coupling-rod, R, or other eqnivalentdevice lllade io reciprocate by a suitable llloiol', ille connection ot ille coupling-rod to the piston being lllade by lllealls of an extended slot, as shown at R. By this means, whatever may be the force with wllicll ille piston is d rawll out or ille rapidity oi its movement, ille force alld pressure oi" the piston ill driving ille oil out of ille cylinder is at all times equal alld uniform, beillg deiel'lllined bythe n'raviiy ot' ille weight )l or power of ille spring N, alld its inward lllovelllellt is determined by the resistance in ille pipe L.

The arrangement and eonlbillation oi' ille series oi' small independent spiral coils disposed vertically eacll ai one side of ille nlaill central water-drulll, with which they collllllu-l tained within a lllillillllllll ol.' space ullder such colldiiiolls as will utilize to ille utnlost the heat i'rom ille bul'llcl's alld pl'odllce alld lllailltaill tlleuilllost t'l'eedom oi' eil'clllaiioll through ille tubes alld dl'ulll.

In ille use alld operatioll oi my illlpl'oved apparatus ille waiel' ill ille dl'ulll A lllay be kept ai any desired level, blli preferably about lllidway between ille ends ol.' ille encircling coils. In starting ille iurnace a sma-ll slipplyoiI naplltlla maybe injected intotlle tubes G ll alld gas-chamber l) by opel'aiillg ille punlp by hand, alld ille vapor, ligllted as it issues from ille blu'llers lV, will. speedily so heat ille tubes as to produce ille requisite l'low oi' gas to ille blll'llel's i'or their li'ull sup As the oil, fed with ille constant pressul'e oi' the weight M, ilows from ille tube L illto ille larger stamt-pipe, ll, it is vaporized therein by ille heat thereof, alld will issue ill a strong jet through tllenozzleof ille injector K illio ille air-pipe G alld create a strong elli'- renttherein, lwhereby a large proportion of atmospheric air will be adlllixed with ille hot llapllilla-vapor, producing a highly-inflamlllable compound, which ill passing through ille hoi pipe (l will ellter ill thiscondiiiion ille gas -chalmber l), and be thence delivered equally io the several radiating bul'llel's "W lV. The intense heat i'rom these burners will not only superheat iille.iubes G alld Il,

supplying the bul'llel's, but will be bl'ougllt io beal' with full i'orce upon ille series oi' small tubular coils T T alld the central drum, so as to produce a lllost rapid evaporation ot' ille watel' and a large volume oi' steam to be delivered tlll'ougll ille pipe S.

l clailll as illy .inventionl. ln a steam-generaior, ille colllbillaiioll, with a boiler having a series oi' water-tubes alld burners located below ille tubes, oi' ille oil-feeding tube i'or supplying ille burners, the pump yFor charging the tllbc, nlecllallislll actuated byille engine alld operatingio draw ille pump-piston outwardly only, ille said piston beillg constructed alld arranged to be llloved downwardly, alld thereby drive ille oil into ille feed-tubewiih a constant pressure, ille above pal'is being consirllcied and arranged substantially as sllowll alld dcscribed.

2. In a steam-genel'atol', ille combination, with ille boilel' havinga series of water-tubes and ille series oi' burners below ille tubes, of ille oil-pulllp for supplying ille burners, ille oil-ieedillgiube iiiied witllill ille furnace and located ovel' alld exposed to the direct heat oi ille blll'llel', and ille second pipe opell io the outer air and extendillg from the oil-feeding tube io ille blu'ners wholly wiillill the i`llrnace, substantially as seiy i'orill.

El. ln a steam-genel'ator, ille combination, with the furnace having the central waterdrum, and ille series oi slllall independent coils disposed vertically ill concentric rows about the central drulll and coupled thereto y at each end, each wholly upon one side of the IOO IIO

drum, of the vapor-chamber below the standpipe, burner-tubes leading from said chamber, the pump for supplying oil, and the oom-` bined air and vapor supply pipe leading to said Vapor-chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination, with a central drum having a transverse partition dividing the drum into two parts,bnrner tubes leading from the drum at a point below the partition, independent tubular coils attached at their ends to the drum at a point above the partition, an outer easing and awater-tube leading to the drum, and a steam-pipe 

